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Reed canary grass forms dense stands that crowd out other plant species, especially in moist areas.  The rhizomes of reed canary grass are resistant to flooding and allow it to live in wetter areas than native grass species.  For this reason, reed canary grass is a serious pest of wetland areas.

The result of a reed canary grass infestation is a monoculture, in which a single species crowds out all others.  Habitat quality is reduced because the plant provides little shelter or food resources for native wetland animals.

Reed canary grass can also reduce available soil moisture.

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